If you want to make decisions together with residents, start with the conditions for reaching consensus:
- Ensure that the various interests and perspectives are present at the table. Otherwise, problems will arise later: things that are overlooked and distrust will arise from groups that were not allowed to participate.
- Let people see each other as individuals; they will listen better.
- Accept the possibility that two people see the same thing but interpret it differently.
- Separate the perspectives of the individuals and focus on knowledge and interests, not on opinions or methods.
- Ensure that expectations are not inflated; no one is in charge.
- Ensure that the group searches for solutions together.
It is important that people trust each other. The government sometimes starts at a disadvantage due to distrust. Therefore, try to understand the other person first before being understood. The other is open to your opinion if he sees you are open to his opinion.
Have things gone wrong in the past? Be serious about admitting mistakes.
The next step is to explore how a decision can be made together.
- Explore the problem (what is it, whose problem, why is it a problem, what isn’t it, etc.).
- Seek information and ask opposing opinions (Why won’t this work? What am I missing? Are there very different perspectives?). Look for the wisdom found in objections people raise: do they have a point? Try not to immediately become defensive. Ask for clarification: what is the focus and objective? Don’t impose your opinion, but ask for further questions.
- Present possible options, always seek multiple options. Make a decision, preferably not by voting (seek consent). Consider asking: How can we revise the package to meet all interests and concerns? This often works, and you don’t need to vote.
- Evaluate and adjust.
Listening to each other is the most important tool.
This only works if people feel taken seriously; otherwise, they won’t accept solutions. Hence the need to let people see each other as individuals.
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